This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Knock Properties of Oxygenated Blends in Strongly Charged and Variable Compression Ratio Engines
Technical Paper
2014-01-2608
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Replacing the conventional fossil fuel totally or partially with alcohols or ethers in spark-ignition (SI) engine is a promising way to reduce pollutant emissions. A large number of studies on alcohol-containing blends in SI engines could be found in the literature. Nonetheless, investigations of ether-containing blends are by far much less numerous, especially for modern boosted engines. Blending with ether compounds might change the burning rate at high pressure, which consequently changes the anti-knock properties of these fuels and leads to a deterioration in the vehicle drivability.
This work reports experiments carried out in two one-cylinder engines: one is a naturally aspirated, variable compression ratio engine, and the other is a strongly charged optical engine. Three fuels with different RON and MON numbers were tested: Iso-octane, a blend Ethyl Tert Butyl Ether (ETBE) with a primary reference fuel, and a commercial gasoline fuel containing 5% by volume of ethanol (E05).
The experimental results show a significant difference of knock boundaries of three fuels in the boosted engine at the initial, i.e. equivalent of the intake manifold, pressure of 1.6bar, and almost similar knock boundaries under different compression ratios in the naturally aspirated engine. The fuel sensitivity upon the knock boundary of oxygenated blends was identified in order to compare the fuels' performance in different engines. The burning rate was determined at the same compression ratio for the two engines from the high speed flame imaging and a reverse-thermodynamic analysis, in order to clarify the effects of the burning rate on the anti-knock behaviour.
Authors
Citation
Ling, Z., Burluka, A., and Azimov, U., "Knock Properties of Oxygenated Blends in Strongly Charged and Variable Compression Ratio Engines," SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-2608, 2014, https://doi.org/10.4271/2014-01-2608.Also In
References
- Kumar A.A. Biofuels (Alcohols and Biodiesel) Applications as Fuels for Internal Combustion Engines Progress in energy and combustion science 33 3 2007 233 71
- Hussin A.E. New and Renewable Energy: Reewable Fuels in Internal Combustion Engines PhD thesis School of Mechaincal Engineering 2012 University of Leeds Leeds
- Stein , R. , Anderson , J. , and Wallington , T. An Overview of the Effects of Ethanol-Gasoline Blends on SI Engine Performance, Fuel Efficiency, and Emissions SAE Int. J. Engines 6 1 470 487 2013 10.4271/2013-01-1635
- Yüksel F. , and Yüksel B. The Use of Ethanol-Gasoline Blend as a Fuel in an Si Engine Renewable energy 29 7 2004 1181 91
- Turner , J. , Pearson , R. , Holland , B. , and Peck , R. Alcohol- Based Fuels in High Performance Engines SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-0056 2007 10.4271/2007-01-0056
- Magnusson R. , and Nilsson C. The Influence of Oxygenated Fuels on Emissions of Aldehydes and Ketones from a Two-Stroke Spark Ignition Engine Fuel 90 3 2011 1145 54
- Shiblom , C. , Schoonveld , G. , Riley , R. , and Pahl , R. Use of Ethyl-t-Butyl Ether (ETBE) as a Gasoline Blending Component SAE Technical Paper 902132 1990 10.4271/902132
- Wallace , G. , Blondy , J. , Mirabella , W. , Schulte-Körne , E. et al. Ethyl Tertiary Butyl Ether - A Review of the Technical Literature SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 2 1 940 952 2009 10.4271/2009-01-1951
- Koseki , K. , Hayashi , A. , Fukuda , K. , Wakita , M. et al. Investigations of Compatibility of ETBE Gasoline with Current Gasoline Vehicles II SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-2039 2007 10.4271/2007-01-2039
- Jenkins , P. , Cho , Y. , and Kim , B. Performance Analysis of a Spark Ignited Engine with ETBE as a Blending Agent SAE Technical Paper 901520 1990 10.4271/901520
- Karonis , D. , Anastopoulos , G. , Lois , E. , and Stournas , S. Impact of Simultaneous ETBE and Ethanol Addition on Motor Gasoline Properties SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 1 1 1584 1594 2008 10.4271/2008-01-2503
- Milpied , J. , Jeuland , N. , Plassat , G. , Guichaous , S. et al. Impact of Fuel Properties on the Performances and Knock Behaviour of a Downsized Turbocharged DI SI Engine - Focus on Octane Numbers and Latent Heat of Vaporization SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 2 1 118 126 2009 10.4271/2009-01-0324
- Jo , Y. , Lewis , R. , Bromberg , L. , and Heywood , J. Performance Maps of Turbocharged SI Engines with Gasoline-Ethanol Blends: Torque, Efficiency, Compression Ratio, Knock Limits, and Octane SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-1206 2014 10.4271/2014-01-1206
- Ling Z.Y. , Burluka A.A. Self-ignition and knock in normally aspirated and strongly charged SI engine European Combustion Meeting 2013 2013 Lund, Sweden
- Pan , J. and Sheppard , C. A Theoretical and Experimental Study of the Modes of End Gas Autoignition Leading to Knock in S. I. Engines SAE Technical Paper 942060 1994 10.4271/942060
- Roberts , P. and Sheppard , C. The Influence of Residual Gas NO Content on Knock Onset of Iso-Octane, PRF, TRF and ULG Mixtures in SI Engines SAE Int. J. Engines 6 4 2028 2043 2013 10.4271/2013-01-9046
- Worret , R. , Bernhardt , S. , Schwarz , F. , and Spicher , U. Application of Different Cylinder Pressure Based Knock Detection Methods in Spark Ignition Engines SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-1668 2002 10.4271/2002-01-1668
- Mittal , V. , Revier , B. , and Heywood , J. Phenomena that Determine Knock Onset in Spark-Ignition Engines SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-0007 2007 10.4271/2007-01-0007
- Burluka , A. , Liu , K. , Sheppard , C. , Smallbone , A. et al. The Influence of Simulated Residual and NO Concentrations on Knock Onset for PRFs and Gasolines SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-2998 2004 10.4271/2004-01-2998
- Liu K.X. , Burluka A. A. , and Sheppard C. G. W. Turbulent Flame and Mass Burning Rate in a Spark Ignition Engine Fuel 107 2013 202 08
- Kalghatgi , G. Auto-Ignition Quality of Practical Fuels and Implications for Fuel Requirements of Future SI and HCCI Engines SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-0239 2005 10.4271/2005-01-0239
- Kalghatgi , G. , Nakata , K. , and Mogi , K. Octane Appetite Studies in Direct Injection Spark Ignition (DISI) Engines SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-0244 2005 10.4271/2005-01-0244
- Burluka A.A. , Hussin A. E. , Ling Z.Y. , and Sheppard C.G.W. Effects of Large-Scale Turbulence on Cyclic Variability in Spark-Ignition Engine Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 43 2012 13 22
- Ling Z.Y. , Burluka A.A. Effect of increased initial pressure on premixed turbulent flame development in SI Engines the 7th Biennial Meeting for the Scandinavian-Nordic Section 2014 Cambridge, UK
- Daneshyar , H. and Fuller , D. Definition and Measurement of Turbulence Parameters in Reciprocating I.C. Engines SAE Technical Paper 861529 1986 10.4271/861529
- Erdil A. et al. Decomposition of Turbulent Velocity Signals Using Moving Average Filter ELECO 2001 International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering
- Mittal , V. and Heywood , J. The Shift in Relevance of Fuel RON and MON to Knock Onset in Modern SI Engines Over the Last 70 Years SAE Int. J. Engines 2 2 1 10 2009 10.4271/2009-01-2622
- Borg , J. and Alkidas , A. Characterization of Autoignition in a Knocking SI Engine Using Heat Release Analysis SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-3341 2006 10.4271/2006-01-3341