This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Heat Release Parameters to Assess Low Temperature Combustion Attainment
Technical Paper
2011-01-1350
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Internal combustion engines have dealt with increasingly
restricted emissions requirements. After-treatment devices are
successful bringing emissions into compliance, but in-cylinder
combustion control can reduce their burden by reducing engine-out
emissions. For example, oxides of nitrogen (NOx) are
diesel combustion exhaust species of notoriety for their difficulty
in after-treatment removal. In-cylinder conditions can be
controlled for low levels of NOx, but this produces high
levels of soot particulate matter (PM). The simultaneous reduction
of NOx and PM can be realized through a combustion
process known as low temperature combustion (LTC).
This paper presents an investigation into the manifestation of
LTC in the calculated heat release profile. Such a study could be
important since some extreme LTC conditions may exhibit a return to
the soot-NOx tradeoff, rendering an emissions-based
definition of LTC unhelpful. For example, in this study, increased
exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) levels at LTC injection timings
result in a slight, albeit small, increase in smoke concentrations.
As a result, this study is motivated by the need to observe some
other metric in defining LTC that fundamentally could be
independent of emissions observations. Specifically, this study
finds that the delay between start of combustion and start of
significant heat release increases substantially. Combustion
phasing is shifted significantly into the expansion stroke such
that the burn rate is slowed enough to create a reaction that is
characterized by lower temperatures than otherwise would have
occurred.
This study employed high levels of EGR and late injection timing
to realize the LTC mode of ordinary petroleum diesel fuel. Under
these conditions a two-part criteria was developed that identifies
the LTC classified conditions. The criteria are as follows: the
combustion event of conventional petroleum diesel fuel must show a
two-stage ignition process; and the first stage must consume at
least 2% of the normalized fuel energy before the hot ignition
commences.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Bittle, J., Knight, B., and Jacobs, T., "Heat Release Parameters to Assess Low Temperature Combustion Attainment," SAE Technical Paper 2011-01-1350, 2011, https://doi.org/10.4271/2011-01-1350.Also In
References
- Okude, K. Mori, K. Shiino, S. Moriya, T. “Premixed Compression Ignition (PCI) Combustion for Simultaneous Reduction of NOx and Soot in Diesel Engine,” SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-1907 2004 10.4271/2004-01-1907
- Takeda, Y. Nakagome, K. Niimura, K. Emission characteristics of premixed lean diesel combustion with extremely early staged fuel injection SAE Transactions - Journal of Fuels and Lubricants 1996 105 961163 19 28
- Knafl, A. et al. The load limits of low temperature premixed compression ignition diesel combustion 2nd International Symposium on Clean and High-Efficiency Combustion in Engines 2006 Tiangin, China
- de Ojeda, W. Zoldak, P. Espinosa, R. Kumar, R. “Development of a Fuel Injection Strategy for Diesel LTC,” SAE Technical Paper 2008-01-0057 2008 10.4271/2008-01-0057
- Kimura, S. Aoki, O. Ogawa, H. Muranaka, S. et al. “New Combustion Concept for Ultra-Clean and High-Efficiency Small DI Diesel Engines,” SAE Technical Paper 1999-01-3681 1999 10.4271/1999-01-3681
- Jacobs, T. Bohac, S. Assanis, D. Szymkowicz, P. “Lean and Rich Premixed Compression Ignition Combustion in a Light-Duty Diesel Engine,” SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-0166 2005 10.4271/2005-01-0166
- Najt, P.M. Foster, D.E. “Compression-Ignited Homogeneous Charge Combustion,” SAE Technical Paper 830264 1983 10.4271/830264
- Birch, S. Audi diesel targets bin 5, euro 6 Automotive Engineering Internation 2008 24 25
- Lancaster, D.R. Krieger, R.B. Lienesch, J.H. “Measurement and Analysis of Engine Pressure Data,” SAE Technical Paper 750026 1975 10.4271/750026
- Figliola, R. Beasley, D. Probability and statistics Theory And Design For Mechanical Measurements 2000 J. Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York 109 148
- Heywood, J. Properties of working fluids Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals 1988 McGraw-Hill, Inc. New York 100 160
- Foster, D. An overview of zero-dimensional thermodynamic models for IC engine data analysis SAE International Fall Fuels and Lubricants Meeting and Exhibition 1985 Tulsa, Oklahoma
- Depcik, C. et al. Instructional use of a single-zone, premixed charge, spark-ignition engine heat release simulation International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Education 2007 35 1 1 31
- Brunt, M. Platts, K. “ Calculation of heat release in direct injection diesel engines ,” SAE Technical Paper 1999-01-0187 1999 10.4271/1999-01-0187
- Krieger, R. Borman, G. The computation of apparent heat release for internal combustion engines ASME Papers 1966 66-WA/DGP-P
- Hohenberg, G. “Advanced Approaches for Heat Transfer Calculations,” SAE Technical Paper 790825 1979 10.4271/790825
- Kook, S. Bae, C. Miles, P. Choi, D. et al. “The Influence of Charge Dilution and Injection Timing on Low-Temperature Diesel Combustion and Emissions,” SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-3837 2005 10.4271/2005-01-3837
- Fish, A. et al. The controlling role of cool flames in two-stage ignition Combustion and Flame 1969 13 1 39 49
- Kitamura, T. Ito, T. Kitamura, Y. Ueda, M. et al. “Soot Kinetic Modeling and Empirical Validation on Smokeless Diesel Combustion with Oxygenated Fuels,” SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-1789 2003 10.4271/2003-01-1789
- Kamimoto, T. Bae, M. “High Combustion Temperature for the Reduction of Particulate in Diesel Engines,” SAE Technical Paper 880423 1988 10.4271/880423