This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Reducing NOx Emissions from a Common-Rail Engine Fueled with Soybean Biodiesel
Technical Paper
2011-01-1195
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Performance and emissions of a common-rail production diesel engine fueled with soybean-derived biodiesel was investigated. The work was broken down into two categories. First, adjustment of injection timing and EGR ratio was investigated as a means to reduce NOx emissions to levels comparable with those obtained when using pure diesel fuel. Next, simultaneous reduction of NOx and soot emissions was investigated using high rates of EGR combined with late injection timings to approach the low-temperature combustion regime.
Results from the first part of the study indicate that optimization of engine control parameters for use with biodiesel can be beneficial to performance and emissions. It was found that adjusting the engine's MAF setpoint table to reflect the difference in stoichiometric air-fuel ratio between diesel and biodiesel brought NOx emissions to comparable or lower levels. This was accomplished while maintaining a significant decrease in soot emissions and similar fuel consumption to the baseline settings. In certain cases, combining this change with an advance in injection timing allowed for lower fuel consumption as well.
Results from the second part of the study indicate that very low levels of NOx and soot may be obtained through a moderate range of engine speed and load. High to moderate rates of EGR are used for low to moderate engine load, respectively. A small pre-injection was utilized in all cases. The main injection timing had to be retarded with increasing load to allow for injection into lower temperature, more mixing time, and the resulting decrease in soot emissions. Meanwhile, for higher engine speed at constant load, injection timings were advanced to provide better combustion phasing and lower fuel consumption.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Leick, M., Feng, X., Lee, C., and Hansen, A., "Reducing NOx Emissions from a Common-Rail Engine Fueled with Soybean Biodiesel," SAE Technical Paper 2011-01-1195, 2011, https://doi.org/10.4271/2011-01-1195.Also In
References
- American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels ASTM West Conshohocken, PA 2009
- Hill, J. Nelson, E. Tilman, D. Polasky, S. Tiffany, D. Environmental, economic, and energetic costs and benefits of biodiesel and ethanol biofuels Proceedings of the National Academy of Science U.S.A. 103 30 11206 11210 2006
- Sheehan, J. Camobreco, V. Duffield, J. Graboski, M. Shapouri, H. Life cycle inventory of biodiesel and petroleum diesel for use in an urban bus National Renewable Energy Lab. Golden, CO 1998
- Mata, T.M. Martins, A.A. Caetano, N.S. Microalgae for biodiesel production and other applications: a review Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 14 217 232 2010
- United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) A comprehensive analysis of biodiesel impacts on exhaust emissions EPA 420-P-02-001 2002
- Schönborn, A. Ladommatos, N. Allan, R. Williams, J. et al. “Effect of the Molecular Structure of Individual Fatty Acid Alcohol Esters (Biodiesel) on the Formation of Nox and Particulate Matter in the Diesel Combustion Process,” SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 1 1 849 872 2009 10.4271/2008-01-1578
- Boehman, A.L. Morris, D. Szybist, J. The Impact of Bulk Modulus of Diesel Fuels on Fuel Injection Timing Energy and Fuels 18 1877 1882 2004
- Zhang, Y. Boehman, A.L. Impact of biodiesel on NOx emissions in a common rail direct injection diesel engine Energy and Fuels 21 4 2003 2012 2007
- Ban-Weiss, G.A. Chen, J.Y. Buchholz, B.A. Dibble, R.W. A numerical investigation into the anomalous slight NOx increase when burning biodiesel; A new (old) theory Fuel Processing Technology 88 7 659 667 2007
- Musculus, M. “On the Correlation between NOx Emissions and the Diesel Premixed Burn,” SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-1401 2004 10.4271/2004-01-1401
- Musculus, M. “Measurements of the Influence of Soot Radiation on In-Cylinder Temperatures and Exhaust NOx in a Heavy-Duty DI Diesel Engine,” SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-0925 2005 10.4271/2005-01-0925
- Knothe, G. Dependence of biodiesel fuel properties on the structure of fatty acid alky1 esters Fuel Processing Technology 86 1059 1070 2005
- McCormick, R.L. Graboski, M.S. Alleman, T.L. Herring, A.M. Impact of biodiesel source material and chemical structure on emissions of criteria pollutants from a heavy-duty engine Environmental Science & Technology 35 9 1742 1747 2001
- Eckerle, W. Lyford-Pike, E. Stanton, D. LaPointe, L. et al. “Effects of Methyl Ester Biodiesel Blends on NOx Emissions,” SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 1 1 102 118 2009 10.4271/2008-01-0078
- Najt, P. Foster, D. “Compression-Ignited Homogeneous Charge Combustion,” SAE Technical Paper 830264 1983 10.4271/830264
- Yanagihara, H. Sato, Y. Mizuta, J. A study of DI diesel combustion under uniform higher-dispersed mixture formation JSAE Rev. 18 247 254 1997
- Yanagihara, H. Simultaneous reduction of NOx and soot in diesel engines using a new mixture preparation method JSME Int. J. 40 592 598 1997
- Nakagome, K. Shimazaki, N. Niimura, K. Kobayashi, S. “Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Premixed Lean Diesel Combustion Engine,” SAE Technical Paper 970898 1997 10.4271/970898
- Kimura, S. Aoki, O. Kitahara, Y. Aiyoshizawa, E. “Ultra-Clean Combustion Technology Combining a Low-Temperature and Premixed Combustion Concept for Meeting Future Emission Standards,” Technical Paper 2001-01-0200 2001 10.4271/2001-01-0200
- Kimura, S. Aoki, O. Ogawa, H. Muranaka, S. et al. “New Combustion Concept for Ultra-Clean and High-Efficiency Small DI Diesel Engines,” SAE Technical Paper 1999-01-3681 1999 10.4271/1999-01-3681
- Walter, B. Gatellier, B. “Development of the High Power NADI™ Concept Using Dual Mode Diesel Combustion to Achieve Zero NOx and Particulate Emissions,” SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-1744 2002 10.4271/2002-01-1744
- Hasegawa, R. Yanagihara, H. “HCCI Combustion in DI Diesel Engine,” SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-0745 2003 10.4271/2003-01-0745
- Lee, T. Reitz, R.D. The effect of intake boost pressure on MK (Modulated Kinetics) combustion JSME Int. J. 46 451 459 2003