Attempts have been made to develop a Port Injection (PI) system that is ideal for small motorcycles, cost-efficient and compact while maintaining accuracy. With the introduction of increasingly more stringent emission standards, Engine Management Systems (EMS) - PI is now being slowly introduced in the 4-stroke motorcycle marketplace. These systems have been generally derived from the four wheeler industry, albeit with some significant changes to satisfy the strict cost and packaging constraints of the motorcycle applications.
In the case of two wheelers, conventional carburetion technology along with the lean combustion and efficient post treatment has been capable of meeting current and proposed emission norms. This means that there is no statutory driver for adoption of electronic controls for fuel management systems for two wheelers in the country. So far the work on PI system for motor cycle application doesn't seem to demonstrate appreciable fuel economy improvement, which is one of the key end user benefits. PI adoption for the motorcycle segment would be largely dependant on significant improvements in fuel economy or reduction in exhaust emissions (driven by statutory compliance needs).
This paper illustrates some of the research done over conventional PI system with the aim of reducing the tail pipe emission, increasing the fuel economy while keeping the cost down through system simplification.
The experiments conducted, made use of
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a
Variable fuel pressure injection process with appropriate control systems in Electronic Control Unit (ECU).
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b
Cylinder head injection and
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c
Throttle Body Module integrated with ECU, sensors and actuator to reduce system complexity and cost.
Experiments have been conducted on a single cylinder 4 stroke motorcycle engine and the results are presented.