Prediction of Major Pollutants Emission in Direct - Injection Dual - Fuel Diesel and Natural - Gas Engines

The dual-fuel diesel engine (D.F.D.E) is a conventional diesel engine in which much of the energy released, hence power, comes from the combustion of gaseous fuel such as natural gas. The exhaust emission characteristics of the D.F.D.E needs further refinements, particularly in terms of reduction of Unburnt Hydrocarbons (UHC) and Carbon Monoxide (CO) emission, because the concentration of these pollutants are higher than the baseline diesel engine. Furthermore, the combustion process in a typical D.F.D.E tends to be complex, showing combination of the problems encountered both in diesel and spark ignition (S.I.) engines. In this work, a computer code has been modified for simulation of D.F.D.E combustion process. This model simulates D.F.D.E combustion by using a Multi-Zone Combustion Model (MZCM) for diesel pilot jet combustion and a conventional S.I. combustion model for modelling of combustion of premixed gas/air charge. Also, in this model, there are four submodels for prediction of major emission pollutants such as: UHC, NO, CO and soot which are emitted from D.F.D.E. For prediction of formation and oxidation rates of pollutants, relevants conventional kinetically-controlled mechanisms and mass balances are used. The model has been verified by experimental data obtained from a heavy-duty truck and bus diesel engines. The comparison shows that, there exist good agreement between the experimental and predicted results from the D.F.D.E.