This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Use of Ozone-Enriched Air for Diesel Particulate Trap Regeneration
Technical Paper
1999-01-0114
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
This manuscript describes laboratory tests and calculations that explore the effectiveness of a stream of ionized air to oxidize soot and, thus, regenerate diesel particulate filters. Soot was oxidized inside a muffle furnace in two different configurations, either as a layer of soot spread in a porcelain boat, or as a quantity of soot evenly loaded in a ceramic wall-flow monolith. Oxidation took place in air, ozone-enriched air or air ionized by an electric arc (thermal plasma), at furnace temperatures in the range of 200-450° C. It was found that when ozone was generated in the inlet air (1060 ppm) the consumption rate of soot increased by up to ten percent. However at the presence of the thermal plasma (generating O, NO2, NO, and O3) the carbon consumption was accelerated by factors varying from a few percent to often exceeding one hundred percent. The effectiveness of this technique depended on the characteristics of the arc. Moreover, the oxidation rate increased with increasing furnace temperature. Results also showed that the oxidation of diesel soot was much faster than that of pure carbon black and that the effect of the generated oxidizing species (O, O3 NO2, etc.) was more pronounced in the case of diesel soot. The present ozone generator consumed 10 W of electric power and the electric arc transformer was rated at 220 W. So far the results of this work suggest that the effect of ozone in oxidizing soot is minor, in this temperature range, while the effect of other oxidizing species (O, NO2) could be significant. In vehicle applications the effluent of a particulate trap regenerated with this technique must be scrutinized, as it may contain toxic pollutants such as NO2. If the regeneration is performed off-line, the effluent of the trap may be channeled back to the engine, where further reactions may minimize the pollutants.
Recommended Content
Topic
Citation
Levendis, Y. and Larsen, C., "Use of Ozone-Enriched Air for Diesel Particulate Trap Regeneration," SAE Technical Paper 1999-01-0114, 1999, https://doi.org/10.4271/1999-01-0114.Also In
References
- Jost, K. “ New Common-Rail Diesels Power Alfa's 156 ” Automotive Engineering, SAE January 1998
- Mori97, K. “ Worldwide Trends in Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Exhaust Emission Legislation and Compliance Technologies ” SAE paper 970753 1997
- Walsh, M. P. “ Global Trends in Diesel Emissions Control - A 1998 Update ” SAE paper 980186 1998
- Hardenberg H. O. Daudel H. L. Erdmannsdorfer H. J. “ Experiences in the Devolopment of Cermic Fiber Coil Particulate Traps ” SAE paper 870015 1987
- Mlzrah T. Maurer A. Gauckler L. Gabathuler J.-P. “ Open-Pore Ceramic foam as Diesel Particulate Filter ” SAE paper 890172 1989
- Mayer, A. Buck A. “ Knitted Ceramic Fibers - A New Concept for Particulate Traps ” SAE paper 920146 1992
- Helferich R. L. Schenck R. C. “ Evaluation of a Stacked Element Diesel Particulate Trap Using a Newly Developed Membrane Covered Ceramic Foam Filtering Media .” SAE paper 890787 1989
- Barris M. A. Wilson E. D. Hough W. J. “ A Filter Tube for Light Truck Applications ” SAE paper 920139 1992
- Howitt J. S. Montierth M. R. “CellularCeramic Diesel Particulate Filter” SAE paper 810114 1993
- Mizrah T. Gabathuler J. P. Eckert L. Fisher A. Kaser P. Mauher A. “ New Development of Ceramic Foam as a Diesel Particulate Filter ” SAE paper 910325 1991
- Konstandopoulos A. G. Gratz L. D. Johnson J. H. “ Ceramic Particulate Traps for Diesel Emissions Control- Effects of a Manganese-copper Additive ” SAE paper 880009 1988
- Mizuno H. Kitagawa J. Hijlkata T. “ Controlling of Heating Rates for Safe Regfenration of Ceramic Honeycomb Diesel Particulate Filter SAE paper 880002 1988
- Gulati S. T. “ Design Considerations for Diesel Flow-through Converters ” SAE paper 920145 1992
- Kitagawa J. Asami S. Uehara K. Hijikata T. “ Improvement of Pore size Distribution of Wall Flow Type Diesel Particulate Filter ” SAE paper 920144 1992
- Larsen, C. Levendis, Y. A. “ On the Effectiveness and Economy of Operation of ART-EGR Systems that Reduce Diesel Emissions ” SAE publication 980537 , Vol. SAE SP-1313 97 115 1998
- McCabe R. W. Sinkevitch R.M. “ Oxidation of Diesel Particulates by Catalyzed Wall-Flow Monolith Filters ” SAE paper 870009 1987
- Kitagawa J. Hijlkata T. Yamada S. “ Electrically Heated Regeneration of Large Wall-Flow Type DPF ” SAE paper 910136 1991
- Kobashl K Hayashi K. Ogura Y. Sami H. “ Regeneration capability of wall-Flow Monolith Diesel Particulate Filter With Electric Regeneration ” SAE paper 900603 1990
- Levendis, Y. A. Taslim, M. “ Rotating Diesel Particulate Trap ” 1991
- Levendis, Y. A. Taslim, M. “ Pulsed, Reverse-Flow Regenerated Diesel Trap Capturing Soot, Ash and PAH's ” 1993
- Levendis, Y. A. “ A Flow-Through Incinerator Coupled to an Aerodynamically- Cleaned Diesel Particulate Trap for Diesel Engine Exhaust Gas ” 1995
- Levendis, Y. A. Abrams, R. “ Control of NOx, Emissions from Diesel Engines Using Filtered EGR ” 1995
- Oey, F. Mehta, S. Levendis, Y. A. “ Diesel Vehicle Application of an Aerodynamically Regenerated Trap and EGR System ” SAE publication 950370 , Vol. SAE SP-1073 103 116 1995
- Larsen, C. Oey, F. Levendis, Y. A. “ An Optimization Study on the Control of NO, and Particulate Emissions from Diesel Engines ” SAE publication 960473 , Vol. SAE SP-1140 175 191 1996
- Larsen, C. Levendis, Y. A. “ An Integrated Diesel Engine Particulate ART-EGR Retrofit System with Engine Sensory Inputs ” SAE publication 970477 , Vol. SAE SP-1140 183 201 1997
- Heywood J. B. “ Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals .” McGraw-Hill 1988
- Khaled, M. D. Levendis, Y. A. “ Preparation of Monodisperse Carbonaceous Particles with Micro-, Meso-, and Macro-porous Structures ” Journal of Applied Polymer Science 45 2061 2073 1992
- Wright, F. J. “ The Oxidation of Soot by 0 Atoms ” Fifteenth Symposium (International) on Combustion The Combustion Institute Pittsburgh, PA 1449 1459 1974
- Wicke, B. G. Wong, C. Crady, K. A. “ Room Temperature Oxidation of Soot by Oxygen Atoms ” Combustion and Flame 66 37 46 1986
- Wicke, B. G. Crady, K. A. “ Porosity Changes in Soot Resulting from Oxygen Atom Adsorption at 98 K ” Carbon 25 6 791 797 1987
- Wicke, B. G. Crady, K. A. “ The Roles of Innate Oxygen and Adsorbed Oxygen in the Chemistry of Soot Oxidation by oxygen Atoms at 298 K ” Twenty-Second Symposium (International) on Combustion The Combustion Institute Pittsburgh, PA 437 445 1988
- Levendis, Y. A. Nam, S. Loewenberg, M. Flagan, R. C. Gavalas, G. R. “ Catalysis of the Combustion of Synthetic Char Particles by Various Forms of Calcium Additives ” Journal of Energy and Fuels 3 28 37 1989
- Sahu, R. S. Levendis, Y. A. Flagan, R. C. Gavalas, G. R. “ Physical Properties and Oxidation Rates of Chars from Three Bituminous Coals ” Fuel 67 1988
- Satterfield, C. N. “ Mass Transfer In Heterogeneous Catalysis ” MIT Press Cambridge, Mass. 1970
- Weisz, P. B. Hicks, J. S. Chemical Engineering Science 17 265 1962