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Climate change and the depletion of fossil fuels have increased the need for renewable energy sources such as biodiesel. Biodiesel is an environmentally friendly fuel derived from various vegetable oils through a process known as transesterification. In this study, a new graphite-based heterogeneous catalyst was developed by modifying it Na2CO3, K2CO3, Al2O3 and was used for biodiesel production from linseed, cottonseed, sunflower, olive oils. Catalyst activity gradually decreased from 90.0 to 76.7% for cottonseed oil, from 93.0 to 76.0% for olive oil, from 95.0 to 77.0% for sunflower oil, and from 89.0 to 69.0% for linseed oil after the fourth operation. The fuel properties of the obtained biodiesel samples were investigated and the most favorable characteristics of cottonseed oil–based biodiesel were found to be d 4 20 = 0.8448, ν 40 = 3.3820, flash point of 93°C. Based on the X-ray broad peaks at 22.8° and 26.4°, we can note that after the four-time reaction cycle, the structure of
Mamedov, IbrahimMamedova, GulbenMamedova, Yegana
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
The purpose of this Standard is to provide installation dimensions for shaft nuts and their companion keywasher. The Standard type typically shown on MS9951 and MS9952, but is also suitable for parts which are dimensionally equivalent.
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of bars 6.000 inches (152.40 mm) and under in nominal diameter or least distance between parallel sides, forgings, flash-welded rings 6.000 inches (152.40 mm) and under in thickness, and stock for forging and stock for flash-welded rings of any size (see 8.6).
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
SAE J1939-75 defines the set of data parameters (SPs) and messages (PGs) for information predominantly associated with monitoring and control generators and driven equipment in electric power generation and industrial applications. The data parameters (SPs) and messages (PGs) previously published within this document are published in SAE J1939DA. Applications using the SAE J1939-75 document must refer to SAE J1939DA for the SAE J1939 parameters and messages for monitoring and controlling the power units, e.g., engines and turbines, that power the generators and driven industrial equipment.
Truck and Bus Control and Communications Network Committee