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Dear patrons, We’re excited to introduce SAE AI Chat – a new AI-powered feature now available in beta on Mobilus. With SAE AI Chat, you can: Ask natural language questions and receive responses derived from 12,000+ SAE standards Save time searching through extensive technical documents Summarize text and discover connections between different topics or publications The feature is currently in beta development phase and may have limitations. How to Get Access? This beta release is currently available only to a limited number of users. To request access: Visit our Signup Page Complete the form (< 2 minutes) We'll notify you if you've been selected for the beta program with instructions to login. We'll be rolling out access starting towards end of June 2025, so we encourage you to sign up promptly if you're interested. Have Questions? Visit the FAQs section or contact us for additional information. - The Mobilus Team

[ARCHIVED] Attn.: System maintenance @ 6 PM ET, April 15, 2025

Last updated: April 16, 2025, 09.11 AM ET Date posted (original message): April 15, 2025, 12.10 PM ET UPDATE: The maintenance work has been completed and the website is back up and running again. Thank you for your patience. ORIGINAL MESSAGE: Please note that this evening beginning at 6pm ET, we will be performing network maintenance on pieces of the core network infrastructure. We expect this work to last for 1 hour. During this period, access to Mobilus may be impacted and the site may be unreachable during this time. We will update once the maintenance activities have been completed. - The Mobilus team

[ARCHIVED] Experience WCX for Free—Expo Pass + Keynote Insights!

Join us at WCX 2025, where the future of mobility takes center stage! Get your FREE Expo Pass to explore groundbreaking technology, connect with industry leaders, and hear from visionary keynote speakers from Woven by Toyota, Stellantis, and Intel Automotive. For more information, visit: wcx.sae.org

[Resolved] Service notice - System issues

Update: Issue has been resolved. Please reach out to CustomerService@sae.org if you have any questions. -- Hello, Please be aware that we are currently experiencing system issues / slowness on the platform, and our teams are working diligently to resolve the issue as quickly as possible. We apologize for any inconvenience and appreciate your patience and understanding. Thank you for your continued support. Best regards, The Mobilus Team

[ARCHIVED] Counter Reports Issue - Fixed

Last updated: November 11, 2024 [LATEST UPDATE] The issue has been fixed and Counter reports are now accessible through the portal. Usage data until the previous month (i.e. October 2024) can be pulled in reports. Useful links: FAQs: https://saemobilus.sae.org/help/counter-usage-reports Mobilus Minute video on Counter: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=45s8S3ixURk Thank you for your patience and understanding. - The Mobilus team -- [PREVIOUS MESSAGE HISTORY] Original announcement: Please note that Counter Database Reports and Title Reports are currently experiencing technical issues, and our team is working on restoring all functionality as soon as possible. We have disabled usage data extraction, while we're looking into the issue. If you need immediate access to usage reporting, please reach out to your SAE Mobilus sales representative. Thank you for your patience, and we apologize for the inconvenience.

[ARCHIVED] Important Notice: Sunset of Mobilus 3.0

[LATEST UPDATE] The legacy version of Mobilus (Mobilus 3.0) has now been officially sunset. Thank you for your valuable feedback and continued support in helping to improve Mobilus. - The Mobilus team -- [PREVIOUS MESSAGE HISTORY] IMPORTANT UPDATE: Sunset of Mobilus 3.0 (legacy version) We would like to inform you of an important update regarding SAE Mobilus - As part of our ongoing commitment to enhancing your experience, the legacy version of the platform (Mobilus 3.0) will be phased out on October 31, 2024. The current website with the newly redesigned interface introduced back in April, featuring an intuitive interface, improved search capabilities, advanced search, and in-depth browsing capabilities, will continue to remain operational going forward to support your needs. What You Need to Know: Last Day of Service (Mobilus 3.0): October 31, 2024 Content Access: You will retain access to all subscribed content through your institutional subscription. Personal Preferences Migration: While most settings tied to your Dasboard in Mobilus 3.0 (alerts, annotations, folders) will transfer over to the new platform, saved searches will not be retained and will need to be recreated in the new platform through your complimentary My Library account. Access the New Platform: Your institutional preferences around login (IP authentication, SSO, username/password) will be retained. We appreciate your understanding during this transition. Thank you for your continued support. If you have any questions, please don’t hesitate to contact us. Answers to common questions / FAQs are accessible here. Best regards, The Mobilus Team SAE International

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Recent SAE Edge™ Research Reports

Browse All 177

Wing-in-Ground Effect Vehicles: From Modern Military and Commercial Development to Global Disaster Response

EPR202501711/24/2025

The wing-in-ground effect (WIG) vehicle represents a significant advancement in aerodynamics and vehicle design, leveraging the ground effect phenomenon to enhance lift and reduce drag when flying close to the surface. This unique capability allows WIG vehicles to achieve higher payloads, longer range, and greater fuel efficiency compared to traditional aircraft, making them an attractive option for modern military and global disaster response applications. Wing-in-Ground Effect Vehicles: From Modern Military and Commercial Development to Global Disaster Response discusses future disaster response, logistics, and military applications for WIG vehicles, including the ongoing development of aerospace and transportation technology. Relavant advancements in materials and propulsion systems holds promise for further enhancing WIG performance and operational range. Additionally, cost-effective and powerful flight computers with various types of mission-enabling sensor suites from the

Sustainable Circular Future Mobility: Environmental Impact of Next-gen Vehicles

EPR202501509/22/2025

The next generation of mobility, driven by shared, driverless, connected, and electrified vehicles, holds strong potential to advance sustainability through lower emissions and improved resource efficiency. However, critical questions remain regarding their true environmental impact, including battery lifecycle management, material consumption, and circular manufacturing practices. Sustainable Circular Future Mobility: Environmental Impact of Next-gen Vehicles explores these unresolved issues, focusing on the shift from internal combustion to electric vehicles, supply chain challenges, regulatory gaps, and the operational realities of sustainable productization. It also critically examines the risks of greenwashing, the need for consistent standards, and the role of intersectoral collaboration—with energy, urban planning, information and communications technologies, and waste management sectors—in building resilient, scalable solutions. The report provides strategic recommendations and

Next-gen AI for Aerospace Engineering

EPR202501609/22/2025

Despite growing investments, the widespread adoption and scalable deployment of generative artificial intelligence (AI) remains a challenge due to data trustworthiness, regulatory uncertainty, interpretability, and ethical governance. The need to accelerate automation and maintain the human-in-the-loop demonstrates broader questions of responsibility and transparency. Next-gen AI for Aerospace Engineering investigates the transformative role of GenAI within aerospace engineering, examining its shift from conventional workflows toward more AI-driven solutions in design, manufacturing, and maintenance. It emphasizes GenAI’s emerging ability to automate repetitive mundane tasks, reduce design complexity, and optimize engineering pipelines. The report underscores the need for validation methods that must align AI-generated outputs with physics-informed models, integration with legacy engineering tools (e.g., computational fluid dynamics, finite element analysis, digital twins), and

Small, Mobile, and Autonomous Agricultural Robots

EPR202501208/13/2025

The automation of labor-intensive picking and planting operations is having an immediate impact in the agricultural indutry. In its simplest form, robotic automation can reduce the labor and soil disturbance while enabling organic soil cover and increasing species diversification through precision approaches to planting, weeding, and spraying. With this, pesticides and fertilizers can be applied in a more targeted way, and with machinery visiting fields more frequently, earlier and more targeted intervention can occur before pests become established. Small, Mobile, and Autonomous Agricultural Robots identifies issues that need to be resolved fo for this technology to thrive, including improving methods of acquiring and labeling training data to facilitate more accurate models for specific applications. It also discusses concepts such as general-purpose mechanical platforms for use as carriers of agricultural automation systems with high stability, positional accuracy, and variable

Safety Impacts of Active Safety and Driving Automation Features

EPR202501308/13/2025

Advanced technologies that assist the human driver or reduce (or even eliminate) the human driver’s role are becoming increasingly prevalent in new light-duty vehicles used by the general public. These technologies are divided between Active Safety features that monitor the human driver and vehicle motion and act intermittently to mitigate and avoid crashes, and Driving Automation features that assume some or all of the dynamic driving task from the human driver. Both types of technologies have the potential to reduce injuries and save lives by reducing the frequency and/or severity of crashes. Safety Impacts of Active Safety and Driving Automation Features addresses the current capabilities and future potential for Active Safety and Driving Automation features to reduce crash frequency and severity and provides an overview of the state of the industry for both types of features, including current deployments, trends, and anticipated rollouts. Gaps in knowledge, unsettled issues, and

Hybrid Data- and Physical Model-driven Safe and Intelligent Motion Planning and Control for Autonomous Vehicles

EPR202501407/18/2025

Autonomous vehicle motion planning and control are vital components of next-generation intelligent transportation systems. Recent advances in both data- and physical model-driven methods have improved driving performance, yet current technologies still fall short of achieving human-level driving in complex, dynamic traffic scenarios. Key challenges include developing safe, efficient, and human-like motion planning strategies that can adapt to unpredictable environments. Data-driven approaches leverage deep neural networks to learn from extensive datasets, offering promising avenues for intelligent decision-making. However, these methods face issues such as covariate shift in imitation learning and difficulties in designing robust reward functions. In contrast, conventional physical model-driven techniques use rigorous mathematical formulations to generate optimal trajectories and handle dynamic constraints. Hybrid Data- and Physical Model-Driven Safe and Intelligent Motion Planning and

Product Assurance in the Age of Artificial Intelligence

EPR202501105/21/2025

Driven by the vast consumer marketplace, the electronics megatrend has reshaped nearly every sector of society. The advancements in semiconductors and software, originally built to serve consumer demand, are now delivering significant value to non-consumer industries. Today, electronics are making inroads into traditionally conservative, safety-critical sectors such as automotive and aerospace. In doing so, electronics—now further propelled by artificial intelligence—are disrupting the functional safety architectures of these cyber-physical systems. Electronics have created the world of cyber-physical systems, raising broader concerns about the broader category of product assurance. Product Assurance in the Age of Artificial Intelligence continues the work of previous SAE Edge Research Reports in examining open research challenges arising from this shift, particularly in automotive systems, as core electronic technologies (e.g., the combination of software and communications) have even

Edge Artificial Intelligence in Connected, Cooperative and Automated Mobility

EPR202500905/20/2025

With many stakeholders involved, and major investments supporting it, the advancements in automated driving (AD) are undoubtedly there. Generally speaking, the motivation for advancing AD is driver convenience and road safety. Regarding the development of AD, original equipment manufacturers, technology start-ups, and AD systems developers have taken different approaches for automated vehicles (AVs). Some manufacturers are on the path toward stand-alone vehicles, mostly relying on onboard sensors and intelligence. On the other hand, the connected, cooperative, and automated mobility (CCAM) approach relies on additional communication and information exchange to ensure safe and secure operation. CCAM holds great potential to improve traffic management, road safety, equity, and convenience. In both approaches, there are increasingly large amounts of data generated and used for AD functions in perception, situational awareness, path prediction, and decision-making. The use of artificial

Leveraging Advanced Data Technologies for Smart Traffic Management

EPR202500805/20/2025

The transportation industry is transforming with the integration of advanced data technologies, edge devices, and artificial intelligence (AI). Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) are pivotal in optimizing traffic flow and safety. Central to this are transportation management centers, which manage transportation systems, traffic flow, and incident responses. Leveraging Advanced Data Technologies for Smart Traffic Management explores emerging trends in transportation data, focusing on data collection, aggregation, and sharing. Effective data management, AI application, and secure data sharing are crucial for optimizing operations. Integrating edge devices with existing systems presents challenges impacting security, cost, and efficiency. Ultimately, AI in transportation offers significant opportunities to predict and manage traffic conditions. AI-driven tools analyze historical data and current conditions to forecast future events. The importance of multidisciplinary approaches and

Automated Vehicles and Infrastructure Enablers: Dedicated Lanes

EPR202500704/24/2025

Dedicated lanes provide a simpler operating environment for ADS-equipped vehicles than those shared with other roadway users including human drivers, pedestrians, and bicycles. This final report in the Automation and Infrastructure series discusses how and when various types of lanes whether general purpose, managed, or specialty lanes might be temporarily or permanently reserved for ADS-equipped vehicles. Though simulations and economic analysis suggest that widespread use of dedicated lanes will not be warranted until market penetration is much higher, some US states and cities are developing such dedicated lanes now for limited use cases and other countries are planning more extensive deployment of dedicated lanes. Automated Vehicles and Infrastructure: Dedicated Lanes includes a review of practices across the US as well as case studies from the EU and UK, the Near East, Japan, Singapore, and Canada. Click here to access the full SAE EDGETM Research Report portfolio.

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Browse All 16

Passenger Vehicle Systems

Electrified Vehicles

Advances and Current Practices in Mobility

Sustainable Transportation, Energy, Environment, & Policy

Connected and Automated Vehicles

Transportation Cybersecurity and Privacy

Vehicle Dynamics, Stability, and NVH

Transportation Safety

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Recent Books

Browse All 709

Pedestrian Accident Reconstruction

R-59010/30/2025

As technology advances, so too must the methods we use to investigate and understand pedestrian collisions. Pedestrian Accident Reconstruction provides a much-needed update to the field—one that reflects the dramatic rise in digital evidence and the growing role of simulation in modern reconstructions. While earlier texts laid the foundation for understanding pedestrian impacts, they were written before the widespread use of video footage, onboard vehicle sensors, and powerful simulation software. This book addresses that shift. It introduces updated methods that incorporate event data recorders, surveillance video, dash cams, and advanced simulation tools like the PC-Crash multibody pedestrian model. These technologies allow for more precise, repeatable, and illustrative reconstructions than ever before. The book highlights when and how simulation can enhance an investigation—especially in complex scenarios such as roof vaults, sideswipes, or collisions that defy conventional

Composite Materials Handbook Volume 3 - Revision H

R-64010/16/2025

The third volume of this six-volume compendium provides methodologies and lessons learned for the design, analysis, manufacture, and field support of fiber-reinforced, polymeric-matrix composite structures. It also provides guidance on material and process specifications and procedures for using the data that is presented in Volume 2. The information provided is consistent with the guidance provided in Volume 1, and is an extensive compilation of the current knowledge and experiences of engineers and scientists from industry, government, and academia who are active in composites. The Composite Materials Handbook, referred to by industry groups as CMH-17, is a six-volume engineering reference tool that contains over 1,000 records of the latest test data for polymer matrix, metal matrix, ceramic matrix, and structural sandwich composites. CMH-17 provides information and guidance necessary to design and fabricate end items from composite materials. It includes properties of composite

Beyond Compliance: Leveraging AS9100D and ISO9001:2015 Audit Findings for Continual Improvement

R-59210/10/2025

Beyond Compliance is more than just another quality management guide—it’s a powerful, practical roadmap for aerospace, defense, and manufacturing organizations committed to excellence through AS9100D and ISO 9001:2015 standards. Every year, thousands of companies face audits. And every audit reveals something: nonconformities, gaps, or hidden inefficiencies. These findings can be brushed aside—or they can become the spark for meaningful change. This book shows you how to choose the latter. Drawing on decades of real-world auditing, consulting, and industry experience, the author presents 137 real case studies—true stories from actual audits that uncover critical lessons and opportunities. Each scenario is designed to engage, educate, and equip you with practical insights you can apply immediately to your own processes. Beyond Compliance challenges the idea that audits are just about passing or failing. Instead, it presents a new mindset: audits are not the end—they're the beginning of

McLaren: The Engine Company, Second Edition

R-58910/10/2025

McLaren: The Engine Company is the previously untold story of McLaren Engines-an American powerhouse founded in 1969 by Bruce McLaren and his partners to support the legendary McLaren Can-Am and Indy Car programs. From a modest facility in suburban Detroit came thunderous 8-liter Chevrolet V8s that carried McLaren's signature papaya-orange racecars to dominate the final years of Can-Am racing. The dyno rooms echoed with innovation, producing 1,000-horsepower turbo Offenhausers that twice put McLaren in Victory Lane at the Indianapolis 500 between 1972 and 1976. This updated second edition features newly added historical images and refined content that brings fresh clarity to the remarkable legacy of McLaren Engines. Though the core story remains the same, these updates enhance the reader's experience and provide richer visual context to the engineering feats described throughout. Inside, you'll explore how this unassuming shop on Eight Mile Road became a magnet for top manufacturers

Mobility Reimagined: My First Decade at the Crossroads of Change

R-57310/09/2025

In Mobility Reimagined, Umar Zakir Abdul Hamid shares an unfiltered, deeply personal account of his first decade navigating the rapidly evolving automotive and mobility sectors. From engineering labs in Malaysia and Japan, to startup scenes in Southeast Asia and Finland, to boardrooms in Europe, keynote stages in China, and virtual standardization sessions with professionals in the US, Umar traces a career shaped by curiosity, courage, and a commitment to democratizing opportunity. As a brown Southeast Asian professional rising in an industry historically shaped by Western and East Asian leadership, Umar offers more than technical insight, he opens a window into what it takes to lead across borders, disrupt legacy systems, and redefine success on his own terms. This book is part strategy guide, part industry overview, and part leadership memoir. It speaks to young professionals, especially those from underrepresented backgrounds, offering hard-won lessons on global expansion, digital

Software Defined Vehicles

R-59509/22/2025

Software Defined Vehicles This book provides a clear, in-depth introduction to the concept of software-defined vehicles (SDVs) and their role in the changing mobility ecosystem. It explores how software has become the core enabler of innovation, allowing manufacturers to deliver new features, safety functions, and comfort enhancements to their customers after a vehicle leaves the showroom floor. From advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) to AI-powered co-pilots, SDVs are shifting the focus from hardware to dynamic, user-centric, service models that offer continuous software updates and upgrades. Software Defined Vehicles also delves into the broader societal and consumer shifts driving this change. Readers will gain insight into how new generations view transportation, how business models like Mobility as a Service (MaaS) are evolving, and why sustainability and flexibility now take precedence over traditional car ownership. Whether you're a technology professional, automotive

Sustainable and Affordable Mobility for All: Putting the Heart Back into Technology

R-58608/14/2025

Sustainable and Affordable Mobility for All offers a bold, yet practical vision for the future of transportation. Drawing from deep technical expertise and global experience, Chris Borroni-Bird presents a transformative approach to the automotive industry, tackling critical issues like economic development, environmental sustainability, and universal access. This groundbreaking book explores how advanced technologies such as electric, autonomous, and connected vehicles can revolutionize not only personal mobility but also urban transport and public systems. It calls for a shift toward "right-sized" vehicles, designed to meet real-world needs without over-engineering. Borroni-Bird’s solutions are scalable and adaptable to both developed and developing markets, ensuring affordable and sustainable mobility for all. With insights from 30 years of rapid innovation, including ridesharing platforms and robotaxis, this book blends technology, human factors, and sustainability to inspire a

Metallic Materials Properties Development and Standardization (MMPDS) Handbook - 2025 - Volume I

B-993_VOLUME108/13/2025

The Metallic Materials Properties Development and Standardization MMPDS-2025 supersedes MMPDS-24 and prior editions of the MMPDS Handbook as well as all editions of MIL-HDBK-5, Metallic Materials and Elements for Aerospace Vehicle Structures Handbook that were maintained by the U.S. Air Force. The last edition, MIL-HDBK-5J was cancelled by the U.S. Air Force in March 2006. This document contains design information on the mechanical and physical properties of metallic materials and joints commonly used in aircraft and aerospace vehicle structures. All information contained in this Handbook has been reviewed and approved using a standardized process. The development and ongoing maintenance process involves certifying agencies, including the FAA, DoD, and NASA, and major material suppliers and material users worldwide. The information and procedures in this Handbook are continuously reviewed and modified or removed as determined to be appropriate. With advances in materials and fastener

Metallic Materials Properties Development and Standardization (MMPDS) Handbook - 2025 - Volume II

B-993_VOLUME208/13/2025

Volume II publishes the framework for generating and analyzing the data so that material sponsors can generate the right data, knowing how it will be analyzed by the Battelle Memorial Institute. MMPDS-2025 Volume II Process Intensive Materials and Joining Technologies does not currently have any material properties, focusing on additive manufacturing of metallic materials. MMPDS-2025 Volume II focuses on non-conventional processes and will be published each year. Volume I: Conventional Materials and Joint Allowables.

Careers in Aerospace: A Student’s Guide to the Sky and Beyond

R-56807/24/2025

Have you ever looked up and wondered how humans conquered the skies—and what lies beyond? This book requires no prior knowledge of math—just curiosity and a passion for discovery. From the Wright brothers’ 12-second flight in 1903 to spacecraft that reach the edge of our solar system, aerospace engineering has propelled us to new frontiers. It is the foundation of modern flight, blending physics, chemistry, biopharmaceuticals, mechanics, electronics, and communications to push the limits of speed, altitude, and exploration. In just over a century, we have progressed from envying birds to flying over three times the speed of sound, launching space shuttles, and venturing into the cosmos. The urge to explore is unstoppable, and the future promises even greater achievements. Whether you’re a curious spectator or an aspiring professional, this book offers an engaging introduction to the principles behind aviation and space travel. Understanding the fundamentals will deepen your

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Automotive Engineering: December 2025

25AUTP1212/04/2025

IAA 2025 Coverage from Munich of IAA 2025 Qualcomm's Superbrains are here to help with automated driving Arbe chipset improves automated driving decisions DeepDrive's MG 250 generator brings dual-rotor power to PHEVs Horse Powertrain's Future Hybrid System can hybridize EVs Reducing SoC and SoH estimation errors: challenges and solutions in modern BMS New approaches to make SoC and SoH parameters more accurate will be required as battery demand keeps growing in the coming years. Driving safety forward: How simulation and MODSIM accelerate ADAS innovation Simulation has become mission-critical for ADAS development. Model-based systems engineering can integrate modeling and simulation from the start of the design process. Revolutionizing vehicle technology through intelligent actuators A look at E/E complexity at the endpoints, where microcontrollers play a crucial role. Automated fiber placement with Ramy Harik AFP can build complex, lightweight structures, but cost concerns keep its

827-2 Electronic Distribution of Software by Crate (EDS Crate)

ARINC827-2 (Current)12/03/2025

This standard describes the format for electronic distribution of aircraft software parts and other contents between aerospace business partners using a digital container referred to as an EDS crate. This EDS standard is intended to promote consistent, secure distribution of EDS content to any appropriate destination.

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T-Bolt and Eye Bolt, A286 CRES, 1000 °F Fatigue Rated

AS4108E (Current)

12/03/2025

This specification defines the requirements for A286 CRES T-bolts and eye bolts, with room temperature tensile strength of a minimum of 160000 psi, for use with clamps and V-band couplings at 1000 °F maximum ambient temperature.

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Quantifying Naturalistic Changes in Occupant Postures in Belt-Positioning Booster Seats Utilizing Pressure Mats

2025-22-000812/02/2025

Belt-positioning booster seats (BPBs) help promote proper seat belt fit for children in vehicles. The effectiveness of BPBs depends on occupant posture, which can be influenced by BPB design features. This study aimed to quantitatively describe how children's postures naturally change over time in BPBs, using pressure mats. Thirty children aged 5 to 12 participated in two 30-minute trials using randomly assigned seating configurations. Five configurations were studied by installing two backless BPBs in vehicle captain’s chairs, varying booster profile (high, low, or no BPB) and armrest presence (with or without BPB/vehicle seat armrests). TekScan 5250 pressure mats were placed on the seating surfaces. Children began in an ideal reference posture, and center of force (COF) data were collected continuously. Additional observations on posture, behavior, and comfort were periodically collected. Mixed models, including effects of seating configuration, time, and volunteer characteristics

Connell, Rosalie, Baker, Gretchen H., Mansfield, Julie A.

ARINC 835-2 Guidance for Security of Loadable Software Parts Using Digital Signatures

ARINC835-2 (Current)12/02/2025

This document provides a comprehensive overview of methods and standards for securing loadable software parts (LSPs) used in aircraft systems. It focuses on ensuring the integrity, authenticity, and trustworthiness of aircraft software, independent of the transport mechanism or media type, through the use of digital signatures and Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) technologies. The document captures solutions developed by major aerospace manufacturers and industry participants and encourages standardization to reduce costs and complexity in software security processes.

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ARINC 649 Common Terminology and Functions for Software Distribution and Loading

ARINC649 (Current)12/02/2025

This document provides comprehensive guidance on the secure distribution of Aircraft Relevant Software (ARS) from software providers such as Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) or Design Approval Holders (DAHs) to end users including airline operators and Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul (MRO) organizations. It aims to standardize software delivery processes to reduce complexity and improve security across the aviation industry ecosystem.

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ARINC 851 Aircraft Ground System Software Distribution and Reception

ARINC851 (Current)12/02/2025

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Automated Driving System (ADS) Marker Lamp

J3134_202512 (Current)

12/01/2025

This SAE Recommended Practice provides guidelines for the use, performance, installation, activation, and switching of marking lamps on Automated Driving System (ADS) equipped vehicles.

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647A-2 Flight Recorder Electronic Documentation (FRED)

ARINC647A-2 (Current)12/01/2025

This specification is an international standard defining the content and format of electronic files which document Flight Data Recording systems. The FRED specification is an expansion of the Flight Recorder Configuration Standard (FRCS) and is intended to provide guidelines for software systems designers and developers of ground support equipment for flight data recorders. The FRED specification has been developed to facilitate the exchange of Flight Data Recorder (FDR) documentation between aircraft manufacturers, operators, and government agencies. This specification addresses the ARINC Specification 664: Part 7, Avionics Full Duplex Switched Ethernet in numerous sections.

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653P0-4 Avionics Application Software Standard Interface, Part 0, Overview of ARINC 653

ARINC653P0-4 (Current)12/01/2025

This document provides an overview of the entire set of documents collectively referred to as ARINC 653. As this set of documents evolves, Supplements to Parts 1 through 5 have been made more consistent with Part 0 in conjunction with the technical changes made in the evolution of ARINC 653. A summary of the ARINC 653 documents follows: Part 0 – Overview of ARINC 653 Part 1 – Required Services Part 2 – Extended Services Part 3A – Conformity Test Specification for ARINC 653 Required Services Part 3B – Conformity Test Specification for ARINC 653 Extended Services Part 4 – Subset Services Part 5 – Core Software Recommended Capabilities The term “this document” refers to Part 0 only, while the term “ARINC 653” or “the Specification” refers to the whole set of ARINC 653 documents, currently, Parts 0 to 5. The primary objective of ARINC 653 is to define a general-purpose APplication/EXecutive (APEX) interface, i.e., an API (Application Program Interface) between the Core Software (CSW) of an

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SAE TOMORROW TODAY UNPLUGGED - Why The Race To Build Robotaxis Is On

1354512/01/2025

Robotaxis are scaling fast, logging millions of autonomous miles each month across the globe. Despite their rapid adoption, the industry is hitting an unexpected bottleneck: there simply aren't enough vehicles to meet soaring demand. With EV sales still lagging, the robotaxi boom could become a lifeline for OEMs. In this Unplugged episode of SAE Tomorrow Today, host Grayson Brulte explains why the future of mobility may depend on who can build robotaxis the fastest. Have your own thoughts on this topic? We'd love to hear from you! Share your comments, questions or ideas for future topics with Grayson on Twitter or send them to podcast@sae.org. Follow SAE on LinkedIn, Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube.

Patterson, Lori

653P3A-3 Avionics Application Software Standard Interface, Part 3A, Conformity Test Specifications for ARINC 653 Required Services

ARINC653P3A-3 (Current)12/01/2025

ARINC 653, Part 3A is the Conformity Test Specification for ARINC 653 Required Services presently defined in ARINC 653 Part 1. The document specifies a set of stimuli and the expected responses. The Conformity Test Specification is expected to be updated in step with ARINC 653, Part 1.

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Inertia Dynamometer Brake Squeal Noise Test Procedure for Vehicles with Regenerative Systems

J3211_202512 (Current)

12/01/2025

The SAE J3211 procedure applies to squeal evaluation for foundation brakes using single-ended inertia dynamometers for friction couples used on vehicles with regenerative braking systems. This document applies to squeal noise occurrences for on-road passenger cars and light trucks with a gross vehicle weight rating of 4536 kg or below and with at least one rechargeable energy storage system as a source for propulsion. The procedure incorporates aspects related to (a) minimum inertia dynamometer capabilities, (b) fixture requirements and setup, and (c) test sequences with emphasis on brake temperatures, brake pressure profiles, and strategies to represent brake blending. For this document, squeal occurs when the peak noise level is at least 70 dB(A) between 1.25 and 16 kHz for tests using full suspension corners or complete axle assemblies, or between 2 and 16 kHz for brakes not using an entire suspension corner. Test facilities intending to use this document, building on their

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Cooling System Metallic Caps and Filler Necks

J164_202512 (Current)

12/01/2025

This SAE Recommended Practice was developed primarily for passenger car and truck applications but may be used in marine, industrial, and similar applications.

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Impinging Shockwave/Boundary Layer Interaction–Induced Separation Mitigation Using Passive Control

01-18-03-0014

11/28/2025

A passive control device to mitigate shock-induced separation in a generic supersonic inlet model is computationally studied. The simulations were based on the Favre-averaged Navier–Stokes equations with the Spalart–Allmaras (SA) turbulence model. The shockwave was generated by an 8° turn supersonic inlet. The Mach number in the inlet was varied between 2.1 and 2.46. The baseline shockwave/boundary layer interaction (SBLI) simulation results compare favorably with experimental data. The passive device, in the form of a splitter plate, eliminates both the separation and flow unsteadiness. The splitter plate causes reduction in the total pressure of the boundary layer at the exit of the inlet due to increased skin friction on the floor and due to wake of the plate.

Olcmen, Semih, Wahidi, Redha, Hegde, Amruthkiran, Datta, Narendra

Lumped Parameter Thermal Network for Automotive Components: Modeling, Simulation, System Identification, and Parameter Estimation

2025-01-5078

11/28/2025

This research paper proposes a framework based on lumped parameter thermal networks (LPTN) to understand the system behavior of thermally stressed component spaces in automotive vehicles. LPTNs offer an energy-based, low-degree-of-freedom model that can represent arbitrary thermal systems inside automotive vehicles. The time response of these low-order models can be calculated using standard ordinary differential equation solvers. The paper showcases the modeling of LPTNs and the calculation of their time response by using an electronic control unit (ECU) of a BMW 7 series. The use of LPTNs instead of exponential functions reduced the MAE in this example by 60.5%. Furthermore, a system identification approach for experimental temperature curves has been developed and implemented. System identification aims to mathematically model system behavior and predict system output. This paper compares least-square estimation (LSE) with constrained minimization (CM), where CM has a higher MAE by

Kehe, Maximilian, Enke, Wolfram, Rottengruber, Hermann

2024–2025 Reviewers

02-18-04-0025

11/28/2025

2024–2025 Reviewers

Sandu, Corina

2024–2025 Reviewers

14-14-03-0023

11/28/2025

2024-2025 Reviewers

Onori, Simona

Metal Powder Feedstock Size Classifications

AMS7025 (Current)

11/26/2025

This specification covers particle size classifications and corresponding particle size distribution requirements for metal powder feedstock conforming to a classification.

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Binder Jet Additive Manufacturing (BJAM) Process

AMS7022 (Current)

11/26/2025

This specification establishes process controls for the repeatable production of sintered parts by binder jet additive manufacturing (BJAM). It is primarily intended to be used to manufacture metallic or ceramic aerospace parts, but usage is not limited to such applications.

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Full-State Decoupling Motion Control Strategy for Distributed Vehicle via Bayesian Parameter Optimization

10-10-01-0007

11/26/2025

With the rapid development of autonomous driving technology, unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) are gradually replacing humans to perform tasks such as reconnaissance, target tracking, and search in special scenarios. Omnidirectional mobility based on rapid adjustment of vehicle heading posture enhances the applicability of UGVs in specialized scenarios. Omnidirectional mobility signifies the capability for rapid adjustments to the vehicle’s heading angle, longitudinal velocity, and lateral velocity. Traditional vehicles are constrained by the limitations of under-actuation, which prevents active regulation of lateral movement. Instead, they rely on the coordinated regulation of longitudinal and yaw movements, failing to meet the requirements for omnidirectional mobility. Distributed vehicles featuring steering distributed between the front/rear axles and four-wheel independent drive leverage the over-actuation advantages provided by multi-actuator coordinated control, making them

Chen, Guoying, Dong, Jiahao, Wang, Xinyu, Zhao, Xuanming, Bi, Chenxiao, Gao, Zhenhai, Zhang, Yanping, He, Rong

2024–2025 Reviewers

12-08-04-0039

11/25/2025

2024–2025 Reviewers

Watzenig, Daniel, Fruehling, Terry

SAE TOMORROW TODAY BRIEFS - Perfecting Solid-State Battery Production

1350611/25/2025

When it comes to electrification, Honda has been focused on long-term strategy, emphasizing that the transition to EVs is a marathon, not a sprint. Recently, however, the company has been bullish on solid-state battery technology. By using a solid electrolyte instead of a liquid one, solid-state batteries offer advantages like higher energy density, reduced weight, and improved safety compared to liquid lithium-ion batteries. After perfecting the production of solid-state batteries in a lab environment, Honda is now focused on mass production. The company recently opened a test factory to produce battery packs for future EVs and to refine the production process. To learn more, Roberto Baldwin, Sustainability Editor, SAE Sustainable Mobility Solutions, sat down with Chris Martin, Technological Director of Communications, to discuss Honda's advancements in solid-state battery technology and the company's future plans for electrification. For more information on the evolution of

Hineman, Marcie

Data-Based Modeling of Power-Split Hybrids Using Cascaded Neural Networks

2025-01-0522

11/25/2025

Power-split hybrid powertrains represent one of the most advanced and complex types of powertrain systems. The combination of multiple energy sources and power paths offers great potential but results in complex interactions that require improved strategies for optimal efficiency and emission control. The development and optimization of such operating strategies typically involve algorithms that demand fast computational environments. Traditional high-accuracy numerical simulations of such a complex system are computationally expensive, limiting their applicability for extensive iterative optimizations and real-time applications. This paper introduces a data-based approach designed specifically to address this challenge by efficiently modeling the dynamic behavior of power-split hybrid powertrains using cascaded neural networks. Cascaded neural networks consist of interconnected subnetworks, each specifically trained to represent individual drivetrain components or subsystems. This

Frey, Markus, Itzen, Dirk, Yang, Qirui, Grill, Michael, Kulzer, André Casal

Sustainable Engines with Carbon-Neutral Fuels – Fast Adaptation for Efficient Multi-Fuel Operation by Tailored Charge Motion Design

2025-01-0534

11/25/2025

As a fundamental element of measures to reduce the carbon footprint of commercial applications, carbon-neutral fuels are increasingly coming into focus for heavy installations. In addition to diesel substitute fuels, alternative energy carriers like NG, H2, MeOH and NH3 are gaining increasing attention. The energy conversion of these fuels is typically taking place on the principle of premixed combustion, which places different demands on fuel injection and mixture formation, as compared to optimized diesel-like combustion. Accordingly, the demand to layout multi-fuel capable engine designs centers to a high share on the above-mentioned design that can burn these different fuels with high efficiency and support a high degree of commonality with the in-series engine to carry over reliable operation and to maintain attractive cost figures. FEV has developed the Charge Motion Design (CMD) process, which can be applied to design the intake ports and combustion chambers for multi-fuel

Koerfer, Thomas, Dhongde, Avnish, Boberic, Aleksandar, Zimmer, Pascal, Pischinger, Stefan

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